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Bergamot

A distinctive citrus peel material combining sparkling freshness with floral, green and lightly bitter facets, central to cologne structures and many perfume openings.

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What it is

Bergamot is a cultivated citrus whose fragrant peel oil became one of the foundational top-note materials of perfumery. Botanical treatment of cultivated citrus is complicated, and Kew currently places Citrus × bergamia within the broader hybrid complex associated with Citrus × limon.

For scent study, the important point is practical: bergamot peel oil has a recognizable aromatic profile that differs from lemon, sweet orange and grapefruit.

What to notice

Bergamot often combines:

  • sparkling citrus lift
  • floral softness
  • leafy or green facets
  • gentle bitterness
  • aromatic freshness
  • a tea-like dryness in some contexts

It is usually less simply “juicy” than sweet orange and can feel more perfumed and structured than lemon.

How it appears in perfumery

Bergamot is central to eau de cologne, citrus-aromatic styles, fougères and many classical perfume openings. It can brighten florals, herbs, woods and resins without dominating them.

Expressed oil and FCF

Traditional bergamot oil is commonly obtained from the peel. Modern perfumery may also use FCF or otherwise treated bergamot oils in which particular photoreactive components have been reduced.

The archive should preserve those distinctions when a supplier or formula specifies them rather than treating every bergamot material as identical.

REFERENCE SOURCES

Kew Science · Citrus × bergamia↗